Latest articles about Innovation


The Pascal Family of Programming Languages

The computer programming language Pascal, was designed by Niklaus Wirth in 1968-69 while he was Professor of Informatics at the ETH in Zürich, Switzerland and was published in 1970. Pascal utlimately evolved to Oberon, the first version of which was created in 1986, as a successor to Modula-2, which had its roots in Pascal.

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and the Study of Proteins

Kurt Wüthrich, a biophysicist at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zürich was awarded the 2002 Nobel prize in Chemistry ”for his development of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy for determining the three-dimensional structure of biological macromolecules in solution”. He showed how to extend NMR to image biological molecules e.g. proteilns.

1989: http is developed at CERN in Geneva

In 1989, Tim Berners-Lee and his team at CERN, the European nuclear research centre in Switzerland, started developing the Hypertext Transfer Protocol, along with the URL and HTML concepts, which laid the foundations for the World Wide Web. In 2018, the http protocol is still the basis of the world wide web (WWW). Sorry, this article is available in German only.